System of control



N. W. STORER.

SYSTEM OF CONTROL.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 16, 1916.

1,403,355. Patented Jan. 10,1922.

2 $HEETS-SHEET I.

Acceleraf/olz WITNESSES: INVENTOR dam/W v Nor/rim l1. Siam/7 ax, v 24 ATTORNEY N. W. STORER.

SYSTEM OF CONTROL.

APPLICATION FILED MAY I6. I916- f w m 2 R0 1 I J/ nuw d m5 1% m CNHW fl mu 0 J m S %2 0/ MY B m P N m a P 0 t 4/ ma K4 A2 i #5 fiziz a 5 j f f l ESL WlTNE s s:

' ATTORNEY PATENT OFFICE Nomrmw. sronna or rrr'rsnuncn, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR ro wns'rrizoaousn nnncrnrc AND, mumcrunme commmr, A coaromrron or mn s sYs'rnM or common To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, NORMAN W. "S'ronnn, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Pittsburgh in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania-have invented a new and useful Improvement in Systems of Control, of which thefollowing is a specification,

My invention relates to systems of control for electric vehicles and particularly to systems that are adapted to energize the auxiliary motors and lights of the vehicles by energy received from main high-voltage supply circuits.

One object of my invention is to provide a low-voltage circuit for the auxiliary motors and lights of a vehicle, that may be supplied with energy from the high-voltage supply circuit which supplies energy to the propelling motors of the vehicle.

Another object of my invention. is to provide a system of the above indicated character that shall maintain a low fixed voltage for the auxiliary motors and lights of the vehicle, independent of the changes in the high-voltage supply circuit.

A further object of my invention is to provide a system of the above indicated character with a storage battery, for supplying energy to the vehicle auxiliary motors, that is charged by means of a motorgenerator set which is operated by current from the main high-voltage supply circuit.

More specifically, my inventionconsists in a control system for a locomotive the propelling motors of which are supplied with energy from a high-voltage supply circuit. In series with the propelling motors, which may be operated as generators when decelerating or when operating on a down-grade, is provided a motor-generator set to charge the battery that supplies the auxiliary motors and lights of the locomotive with energy. The field winding of the generator and the field winding of the motor ofv the motor-generator set are connected in --series through the propelling motors to the h ghvoltage supply clrcuit, whereby the battery charglng voltage may be maintalned constant, irrespective of the variations in the. voltage of the supply circuit. In case the main motors are operated as generators, the battery serves as a source of energy for ener 'zing the motor field windings.

n the accompanying draw ngs illustrat- Speciflcation of Letters Patent.

Applicationfiled May 16,1916. Serial No. 97,873.

mg my invention, Fig. l is a diagrammatic view of a high-voltage control system constructed n accordance with my invention;

F g. 2 1s a sequence chart of a well known form for indicating the sequence of o erat1on ofthe switches illustrated in Fig. 1, during acceleration; F igs. 3 and 4 are diagrammatic views illustrating the circuits formed through the motors in ig. 1, during acceleration;

Fig. 5 1s a sequence chart indicating the sequence of operation of the switches shown .in Fig. 1, during regeneration; and

I Figs. 6 and 7 are diagrammatic views lllustratingthe circuits formed through the motors shown in F ig. 1, during regeneratlon. Like parts are designated by like reference characters in the various figures of the drawings. 1 I My invention, as set forth above, consists in provldingmeans for obtaining a lowvoltage current to operate the auxiliary motors and lights of a locomotive that is suppliedwith energy from a high-voltage supply clrcuit. My invention is not necessarily limited to the sin le form shown in the drawings and may e em loyed for a great variety of application. .o-controller diagrams have been illustrated as it is to be understood that any approved means may serve for operating the switches of the system according to the sequence charts.

Referring to Fig. 1 of the drawing, mo tors 1 and 2 having armatures A1 and A2 and field-magnet windings F1 and F2, respectively, are adapted to be connected in series and in parallel operation across a supply circuit comprising the conductors t and g, by means of switches LS1,LS2, M1, M2, J, JR, P, S, G and GR. Accelerating resistors Ra R1 .to R4, inclusive, are included incircuit with the motors 1 and 2, and are adalited tobe short-circuited by means of the ine switch LS1 and switches 11 to 74, inclusive, in order to accelerate the motors whether the same beconne'cted in series or in parallel relation across the sup ly conductors t and g. -Accelerating resistor R2) may be shunted by a. transitional switch J.

A resistor Re is provided for reventing the short circuiting of the field windings F and F2 by the .switchesS and G when changing fromseries to parallel operation of the motor 6, having. an armature A motor-generator set 5, com rising a A and a field-magnet winding. MF and a generator 7,'h aving an armature GA and afield winding GF is'operated by the current flowing through the motors 1 and 2. The motor field-ma et winding MF, the motor armature M and the generator field-magnet winding GF are inserted in the motor cir- Aswitch GM is provided for BXClHdIII the generator set'-5.

'motors, respectively deslgnated AMl, AM2

,1 motor-generator set from the circuit o? the 7 propelling motors when desired.

The generator armature 'GA, which is mounted on a shaft 9 with the motor armature MA, is adapted to charge apstorage battery B when connected thereto bysmeans I s of a-battery switch BS. h I I A resistor Rf is adapted to be connected across the generator field-magnet winding 'GFby means of a switch 10, in order-to vary the excitation of the generator fieldmagnetwinding GF.

A reversing switch RS is provided for reversing the terminals of the armature: GA

relative to battery B when the motors 1 and 2 are operating as generators. The position of the reversing swltch RS must be changed during regeneration by reason of the reversal of the current which operates the motor- A number of "auxiliary and BM, and lights L for-the locomotive are also shown connected to the storage battery The blower motor BM is connected to the generator-armature terminals, in order toprevent an excessive speed of the motorgenerator set in case the same be released of the main load thereon, by reason of the switch BS being opened.

Switches (30,001 and 002 are provided for changing the circuit connections of the system to allow the motors to be operated 50 as generators to regenerate energy when the locomotiveiis being decelerated, or when it is beingzoperated on a down grade. When,

the motors are operated to regenerate energy, the switch CO is moved to engage a'contact terminal 11, the switch CO1 is moved to engage a contact terminal 12 and i the switch CO2 is moved to engage a contact terminal 13. 'When the motors 1 and 2, are

operating as propelling motors, the switch CO isopen and the switches CO1 and CO2 respectively engage the Q contact, terminals 18' and '19.

v A resistor R0 is inserted in the circuit between the'batte'ry B and the field-magnet windings F1 and F 2.1. During regeneration,

mosses the field windings F1 and F2 are respectively provided with resistors Roll and R012 in circuit therewith, which are short circuited by means of switches 22 to'25, inelusive. Y

The operation of my control system dur- 1 ing acceleration is begun (see position 1) by closing the switches LS2, M1, JR, S and BS to establish a circuit which may be traced from the trolley conductor it through line switch LS2, resistor Ra, switch M1, armature A1, resistors R1 and R2, switch JR, resistors Rb R3 and R4, armature A2, fieldmagnet winding F2, switch 002 and S, fieldmagnet winding F 1, switch C01, field-magnet winding Mf, armature MA and a field'- magnet winding GF to the ground conductor g.

The motors 1 and-2 are thus connected in series with the rsistors-Ra, Rb, and R1 to R4, inclusive, field-magnet windings MF and GF and the armature MA, as illustrated in Fig. 3 of the drawings.

The switch BS being operated when the motors 1.. and 2 are energized, the current from the motors, in passing through the armatures and the field winding of the motor 6 and the field winding of the generator 7 energize the motor-generator set 5 and charge the battery B from the generator 7. 95

In case it is desired to change the voltage generated for charging thebatte'ry, the motor field'magnet winding MF may be shunted by a circuit comprising a resistor Rg and switch 8, or the generator field-magnet winding GF may be shunted by a circuit comprising a resistor Rf and switch 10.

The magnetic circuits of the motor 6 and the generator.'?, of the motor-generator set 5 may be designed to smooth out the peaks of current in the circuit of thepropelling motors 1 and 2..- If the magnetic circuit of the motor 6 of the motor-generator set 5 were totally saturated and the magnetic circuit of the generator 7 were entirely unsaturated, the circuit current flowing through thegenerator armature GA would be practically a constant quantity, regardless of the propelling-motor current. Y

The torque of the generator 7 ofthe motorgenerator set must balance that of the motor 6 in order to maintain equilibrium. Therefore, if the magnetic field of the motor 6v remains constant at all loads, the torque of the motor must vary directly as the current in the circuit comprising the propelling niotorsl and 2 varies. Also, the flux of the generator"? varies directly as the current flowing through its field winding GF, which is in the main motor circuit, the armature current thereof must remain constant.

J In position 2, the line switch LS1 is operated toeXclude-the resistor Ra from the motor circuit, and, in positions 3 and 4, the resistors R1 to R4, inclusive, are shunted 130 p by shunting resistors i 2 arethus connected in from the motor circuit. In position 5, the switch J closes, thereby shunting the resistor Rb.

Between position 5, which. is the last series position of the motors, and position 6, which is the first parallelposition of the motors, are three transition positions for changing the motors from series to parallel relation by the familiar shunting transition method. i

In the first transitional position, accele-- rating contactors R1 to R4, inclusive, and JR are released. The switch J remains closed thereby providing a shunt circuit across-the resistors Rb and R1 to R4, inclusive /Inthe second transitional position, switch M2, P and GR are closed. In the third transitional position, the switches J and S are opened.

In position; 6, the switch G is closed and the switch GR is opened, whereupon the motors 1 and 2 are connected in parallel relation. The circuit through the motor 1 may be traced from the trolley 15 through the switches LS1 and M1, armature A1, resistors R1 and R2, parallel-connected switch P, field-magnet winding F1, switch CO1, auxiliary motor field-magnet winding F, auxiliary motor armature MA and generator field-magnet winding GF to Ground.

The circuit through the motor 2 may be traced from thetrolley through line switch LS2, switch M2, resistors R3 and R4, armature A2, field-magnet winding F2, switches G and CO1, auxiliary motor field-magnet winding MF, auxiliary motor armature MA and generator field-magnet winding GF to Ground. The motors 1 and 2 are further accelerated in positions 7 v and 8 R1 to R4, inclusive, by the closure of the corresponding switches R1 to R4, inclusive, in accordance with the sequence chart that is ,shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings. The motors 1 and parallel relation in a circuit including the motor-generator set 5, as illustrated in Fig. lot the drawings.

In case the locomotive be operated on a down grade and it isdesired to regenerate energy, the main switches illustrated in Fig.

' Fig. 5. Before 1 of the drawings are operated in accordance with the sequence chart illustrated in the main switches are operated, the-switch CO is moved to engage the contact terminal 11, the switch CO1 is moved to engage the-contact terminal 12 and to disengage the contact terminal 18, the switch CO2 is moved to engage the contact terminal 13 and to disengage the contact terminal 19 and the switch 003 is moved to engage the contact terminal 14.

In the off position of the system illustrated' inFig; 1, when preparing for re- -field-magnet windings F1 and generation, the switches M1, M2, P, ,G and S are closed to establish circuits through the motors 1 and 2 and to connect the fieldmagnet windings F1 and F2 to the batand S, field-magnet winding F1 and the switch CO1 to the other terminal of the battery B A circuit comprising the field- ,magnet winding F2 may be traced from one terminal of the battery B through switch 0, resistors R0 and Rd2, switch CO3, field-magnet winding F2 and switches G and CO1 to the other terminal of the battery B. By means of the above circuits, the field-magnet windings F1 and F2 are excited during regeneration by the battery B.

The switch RS1 having been closed in its reverse position to reverse the direction of current traversingv the field-magnet windings F1 and F2, the line switches LS1 and tors l and 2 in parallel relation, through the motor-generator set 5, to the supply conductors t and g. The circuit through the armature of the motor 1 may be traced through the line switch LS1, switch M1, armature A1, resistors R1 and R2, switches P, S and CO2, resistors Rdl and R0, field-magnet winding MF, armature MA and field-magnet winding GF to Ground. The circuit through the armature of the motor 2 may be traced from the trolle conductor t through switches LS2 and 2, resistors R3 and R4, armature A2, switch CO8, resistors Rd2 and Re, field-magnet winding MF, armature MA and auxiliary enerator field-magnet winding GF to :round. 'The energizing circuits of the F2 are maintained as above set forth and the armatures of the motors 1 and 2 are connected in parallel relation across the supply conductors t and g, as illustrated in Fig. 6 of the drawings.

In positions 2 4, inclusive, are successively operated in pairs to short-circuit the resistors R1 to R4, inclusive. In positions 4 and 5, the switches 22 to 25, inclusive, are successively operated in pairs, in accordance with the sequence chart that is shown in Fig. 5, to exclude por- .LS2 are closed, thereby connecting the moand 3, theswitches R1 to tions of the resistors Rdl and R652 from the circuit of the armatures of the motors 1 and 2 and from the energizing circuits of field-magnet windings F1 and F2.

Between position 5,'which is the last parallel regenerative position, and position 6, which is -the first series regenerative position, are three positions for effecting transition of the motors 1 and 2 from parallel to series relation by the well known shunting transition method. The switches R1 to Rt, inclusive, and switches 22,23, 26 and 27 are released, while the switch J R1 is closed and the switches M2 and P are opened.

In position 6, the switches LS1 and LS2, M1,-J R, G, R1, R3 and BS are closed, thereby connecting the motors in series relation through the motor-generator set 5 to the supply conductors t and g.

The circuit through the motors 1 and 2 may be traced from the trolley conductor t through the switches LS1 and M1, armature A1, resistors R1 and R2, switch JR, resistor Rb, resistors R3 and R4, armature A2, switch CO3, resistors R-d2 and'Rc, motor field-magnet winding MF, motor armature MA and field-magnet winding GF to the ground conducto'r g. Ihe motors 1 and 2 are thus connected in series relation across the supply conductors t and g, as illustrated in Fig. 7 of the drawings.

In positions 7 and 8, the resistors R2 and R4 and R51 are shunted upon the closure of the switches R2, R4 and J.

Whether the motors 1 and 2 illustrated in Fig. 1 operate as propelling motors or as generators, the motor-generator set 5 isenergized by the current flowing through the motors 1 and 2 to charge the storage battery ,B and to supply energy for the auxiliary motors and lights of the locomotive. In case the motors in Fig. 1 be operated as generators, the motor-generator 5 and the battery B serve as a source of energy for energizing the field windings F1 and F2.

Various modifications in the specific cir cuit connectionsand arrangement of parts herein set forth may be madewithin the spirit and scope of my invention, and I desire, therefore, that only such limitations shall be imposed as are indicated in the appended claims. I

I claim as my invention: a 1. In a system of vehicle control, the combination with a supply circuit and a vehiclepropelling motor connected thereto, of a translating device, a storage battery for supplying energy to the translating device,

ling motor for charging the battery.

and auxiliary means operated. by the current flowing through the propelling motor for charging the battery. p

2. 'In a system of vehicle control, the 'combination with a supply circuit, and a vehiole-propelling motor connected thereto, of a translating device, a storage battery for energi zing the translating device, and means comprising a motor-generator .set operated by the current flowing through the propel- 3'. In a system of vehicle control, the combination with a supply circuit, a vehicle-propelling' motor, a motor-generator set and means for connecting the motor of said set through the propelling motor to the supply 1&03355 circuit, of a storage battery and'an auxiliary motor connected in parallel to the generator of said set.

4:. In a system or vehicle control, the combination with a high voltage supply circuit, a dynamo-electric machine connected thereto on the vehicle and a motor-generator set connected through said dynamo-electric machine to the supply circuit, of a storage battery adapted to be charged by said motorgenerator set. I

5. Ina system of control, the combination with a supply circuit, a dynamo-electric ma be charged by said motor-generator set, of.

means for connecting the motor of the motor-generator set through the dynamo-electric machine to the supply circuit, whereby the battery may be charged at a fixed voltage.

7. In a system of control for anelectric vehicle, the combination with a supply circuit, a vehicle-propelling motor adapted to be connected to said supply circuit and a motor-generator set having themotor thereof connected'through said propelling motor to the supply circuit, of a storage batterv charged by the generator of said motor-generator set. I

chine, a storagebattery and a motor-genertor set for charging said battery, of means.

8. In a system of control for an electric vehicle, the combination with a supply circuit, a plurality of propelling motors and means for connecting said motors in various circuit relations to the supply circuit, of a 'motorgenerator set comprising a motor having an armature and a field winding and a generator having an armature-and a field winding, the armature and field winding of said motor and the field winding-of said generator being connected in series-circuit relation through said propelling motors to the supply circuit.

9. In a system or control for an electric vehicie,'the combination with a supply circuit, a pluralityof propelling motors and circuit relations to the supply circuit, of a storage battery and a motor-generator set comprising a motor having an armature and means for connecting said motors in various a field winding and a generator having an armature and a field winding, the armature and field Winding of said motor and the field winding of said generator being connected in series-circuit relation through said propelling motors to the supply circuit and the armature of the generator being connected to the storage battery for charging the same. 10. In a system of control for an electric vehicle,the combination with a supply circuit, a plurality of propelling motors, means for connecting said motors in various circuit relations to the supplycircuit, a plurality of auxiliary motors for the vehicle, and a storage battery for supplying energy to said auxiliary motors, of a'motor-generator set for charging said batter comprising a motor having an armature and a fieldmagnet winding and a generator havingan armature and a fieldmagnet winding, the armature and field winding of the motor of said set being connected through said propelling motors to the supply circuit.

11. In a system of control, the combination with a dynamo-electric machine having an armature and a field-magnet winding, of means forconnecting said machine to operate as a motor and as a generator, a storage battery for energizing the field winding under predetermined conditions, and dynamo-electric means for charging the battery by the energy generated by the dynamoelectric machine.

12. In a system of control, the combination with a plurality of dynamo-electric machines having armatures and field-magnet windings and means for operating said machines as generators and as motors, of a storage battery, means for charging the battery with the current generated by said machines or by the current passing therethrough according to whether the same be operated as generators or as motors, and

means for energizing the field windings from the storage battery when the machines are operated as generators.

13. In a system of control, a supply circuit, a plurality of dynamo-electric machines and means for connecting said ma.- chines to the supply circuit to be operated as motors and as generators, of a storage battery and means operated by the current flowing through said dynamo-electric machines when serving as motors or as generators for charging said battery.

14. In a system of control, the combination with a supply circuit, a plurality of dynamo-electric machines having armatures and field windings, and means for connecting said machines to the supply circuit to be operated as motors or as generators, of a storage battery, means operated'by the current flowing through said dynamo-electric machines when serving as motors for charg ing said battery and means for energizing the field windings from the storage battery and for charging the battery by the current flowing through the dynamo-electric machines when the dynamo-electric machines serve as generators.

. 15. In a system of control, the combination with a supply circuit, a plurality of dynamo-electric machines having armatures and field windings, means to connect said machines' to the'supply circuit and to op- .erate the same as motors and as generators,

dynamo-electric machines and means to connect said machines to the supply circuit to be operated as motors and as generators, of a storage battery, a motor-generator set, means for connecting said set through the dynamo-electric machines to the supply circuit and means for charging the battery by the motor-generator set when the dynamoelectric machines are operated as motors or as enerators.

1%. In a system of control, the combination with a supply circuit, a plurality of dynamo-electric machines, means for connecting said dynamo-electric machines to the supply circuit to be operated asmotors during normal operation and as generators during regeneration, a motor-generator set and means for connecting the motor of said set through said dynamo-electric machines to the supply circuit when the latter are operated as motors, of a plurality of auxiliary motors, a storage battery energizedby said motor-generator set and adapted to supply energy to the auxiliary motors and to-said field windings during regeneration.

18. In a system of control, the combina tion with a supply circuit, a plurality of dynamo-electric machines, means for joining said machines to the supply circuit to be operated as generators and as motors, a motor-generator set and means for connecting the motor of said set through the dynamoelectric machines to the supply circuit when said machines are operated as motors, of a storage battery charged by the generator of the motor-generator set when the latter is connected to the supply circuit, and means for energizing the field winding of the dynamo-electric machines by the storage battery when the machines are operated as generators.

and means operated by means for charging na'mo-electric machine 19. In a system of control, the combination with a, supply circuit, a plurality of dynamo-electric machines, means for operatm g said machines as motors through successive steps and means for operating said machines as generators through a number of steps, of a storage battery, a motor generator set an the battery from the motor-generator set energized by the current flowing through the dynamo-electric machines when the latter are operating as 1110- tors and as generators. 1

20. In. a system of vehicle control, the combination with a supply circuit and a dythe vehicle, of an auxiliary translating device, an energy-accumulating device for supplying energy to said translating device, the current flowing through said machine and mechanically independent thereoffor charging said-energyaccumulating device. 4

21. In a system of vehicle control, the

and a plurality connected thereto on battery.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name this NORMAN W. STORER.

29th day of April, 

